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Issue 154
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How microchips are made
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4 MIN READ TIME
How microchips are made
History of the microchip
Workers in China on the production line of silicon wafers
© Getty
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This article is from...
How It Works
Issue 154
VIEW IN STORE
Other Articles in this Issue
HOW IT WORKS
WELCOME
The magazine that feeds minds!
MEET THIS ISSUE’S EXPERTS…
Andy Extance Andy is a freelance science writer
AR ZONE!
Scan the QR code with your device’s camera
HOW THE AUGMENTED REALITY WORKS
After being launched by the QR code, the
REGULARS
PARASITE LIPS
© Getty Meet the roundworm (Contracaecum rudolphii), also
BEHIND THE SPACE VEIL
© ESA/Hubble & NASA, Z. Levay Around 2,100
BAT BONANZA
© Alamy You might think that the animal
WISHLIST
The latest back to university gadgets
12 UNBELIEVABLE INVENTIONS
THESE FAMOUS PRODUCTS WERE DESIGNED FOR ONE THING, BUT FOUND SUCCESS DOING SOME THING COMPLE TELY DIFFERENT
Why do I get songs stuck in my head?
SCIENCE
What is the most expensive instrument?
The buyer of the $16 million Vieuxtemps Guarneri
Did pop music exist in Victorian times?
■ There wasn’t any pop music as
How is paint made with so many different colours?
© Alamy ■ The secret lies in dyes
Why is downloading much faster than uploading?
© Getty ■ Many broadband companies deliberately design
Did medieval explorers expect to find new land when they discovered the Americas?
© Getty ■ European medieval explorers actually found
Why do whales sleep vertically?
© Getty ■ Vertical sleeping in sperm whales
BOOK REVIEWS
The latest releases for curious minds
BRAIN GYM
GIVE YOUR BRAIN A PUZZLE WORKOUT
Make water travel against gravity
Practical projects to try at home
INBOX
Speak your mind…
FAST FACTS
Amazing trivia to blow your mind
SPECIAL
BUILDING THE BIGGEST ROCKET
The Artemis program seeks to carry humans farther
Signs of alien life on Saturn’s moon?
The methane wafting from Enceladus may be a
Gene-editing stops human coronavirus replicating
A new gene-editing approach could one day serve
New expedition seeks Shackleton’s Antarctic wreckage
A team of scientists will attempt to find
X-ray telescope reveals ghostly ‘hand’
NASA’s Chandra X-ray Observatory captured this imagery of
Florida’s manatees die in record numbers
A record-breaking number of manatees have died this
‘Zombie fingers’ parasitic fungus faces extinction
A fungus that resembles decaying human fingers is
Mars may have lakes beneath its south pole
The bright-white region of this image, captured by
Scientists may have cracked da Vinci’s DNA
Leonardo da Vinci, the great Renaissance artist, inventor
Plastic waste converted into vanilla flavouring
In the future, your vanilla ice cream may
Free divers’ heart rates drop to 11 beats per minute
The world’s best free divers can survive
Elusive glass octopus spotted in remote Pacific
A glass octopus moving in the deep sea
Most Americans think intelligent aliens exist
The release of a US intelligence report on
TECHNOLOGY
HOW A CITY WORKS
Discover the roads, underground pipelines and cables that are the lifeblood of a metropolis, and the new technology enhancing them
5 LAYOUTS FOR SAFER ROADS
Shorter blocks Shorter blocks mean more junctions between
Toaster technology
How these appliances transform a slice of bread into a tasty toasted snack
SPACE
ASTEROIDS, MOONS AND DWARF PLANETS
MEET THE ROCKY ODDITIES OF THE SOLAR SYSTEM AND DISCOVER WHAT DEFINES THEM
How satellites fall to Earth
Satellites do fall out of orbit, but it takes longer than you might think
HISTORY
TRAIN JOURNEY BACK IN TIME
England’s high-speed rail link is currently being built and lines dug, transporting archaeologists hundreds of years into Britain’s past
Tanning leather
Discover the historical methods used to produce this versatile material from animal skin
The lost settlement of Qumran
Home of the Dead Sea Scrolls, this ancient ruin still holds many secrets
HERE COMES THE BIN LORRY
YOU BAG IT, BIN IT AND TOSS IT OUT ON THE STREET, BUT WHAT HAPPENS TO YOUR RUBBISH WHEN IT’S COLLECTED?
TRANSPORT
Train line treasure trail
Some fascinating finds have been discovered along the route of HS2 Phase One
Truck components
Piece together this garbage-gobbling machine
Inside the world’s fastest car
No car has ever gone as fast as ThrustSSC – here’s the story behind its record-breaking speed
SCIENCE
THE CHEMISTRY OF TEA & COFFEE
Whichever of these hot beverages you prefer, find out exactly what you’re drinking
Meningitis
Recognising this illness could save someone’s life
ENVIRONMENT
Weird and wonderful ANIMAL BABIES
From hazardous births to deceptive parenting, explore the funny world of newborns
How Monument Valley formed
Made famous by the cowboys of the Wild West, Monument Valley harbours a fascinating history
Where rivers come from
The vital waterways that transport water around continents begin as just a tiny trickle
Do parrots get lonely?
© Getty ■ Parrots are intelligent flock birds.
Why does your taste change when you have a fever?
© Getty ■ Food and drink flavours combine
When did humans first start to write?
© Getty ■ The first type of writing,
Why did people say that WWI was the ‘war to end all wars’?
British soldiers battling through the night from the
What’s the least explored wilderness on Earth?
ENVIRONMENT
Why do birds sing?
ENVIRONMENT
If we can use vegetable oil to fuel cars, why do we bother pumping oil out of the ground?
© Alamy ■ At first glance vegetable oil
What makes you crave certain foods?
You crave the taste, but you might crave
Why aren’t birds electrocuted when they land on power lines?
■ They are electrocuted sometimes. You shouldn’t see
How strong is Earth’s magnetic field?
■ The field originates in Earth’s outer core,
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