A study of a toad has revealed that it enhances its chances of survival by imitating one of Africa’s largest vipers both in terms of its appearance and behaviour. The Congolese giant toad (Sclerophrys channingi) apparently uses its ability to mimic the highly venomous Gaboon viper (Bitis gabonica) in order to escape being eaten. This particular viper is formidable, possessing the longest fangs of any snake in the world today, and also produces more venom than any other species too.
“Our study is based on 10 years of fieldwork and direct observations by researchers lucky enough to see the toad’s behaviour first-hand. We’re convinced that this is an example of Batesian mimicry, where a harmless species avoids predators by pretending to be a dangerous or toxic one,” explains Dr Eli Greenbaum from the University of Texas at El Paso.
Both viper and toad conceal themselves in leaf litter on the forest floor.