Muslim ruler Boabdil (bottom left) offers the keys to the city of Granada to Isabella I and Ferdinand II, as depicted in a reproduction of a scene from a choir stall in Toledo Cathedral
16 JANUARY 27 BC
The Roman Senate confers the title ‘Augustus’ (meaning ‘venerable’) on Octavian Caesar. The title stretches back to Rome’s ancient traditions, allowing him to claim that he is ‘restoring’ the republic following decades of turmoil.